Original Article Evaluation of risk factors for Age-related Macular Degeneration
Risk factors for ARMD
Keywords:
smoking, ultraviolet radiation, ARMD, luteal pigmentsAbstract
Aim: To identify the risk factors like smoking, alcohol, tobacco chewing, dietary habits, obesity, sunlight exposure and other systemic diseases like diabetes mellitus and hypertension for Age-related Macular Degeneration.
Design: Cross-sectional Case-control study of 450 patients above 55 years of age.
Methods and Material:
They were given a questionnaire asking about occupation, smoking, tobacco chewing, alcohol consumption, diet and other illnesses. Record of their body mass index and blood pressure was made. A detailed ophthalmic examination revealed 21 patients of ARMD, which were placed in study group A and the rest 429 were placed in control group B.
Statistical analysis used: Chi-square Analysis
Results: Association of ARMD with smoking, sunlight exposure and hypertension. Fish eating was found to be a protective factor.
Conclusions: We found that avoidance of smoking, control of hypertension by lifestyle modification, consumption of food rich in 3-omega fatty acids and using sunglasses in early life will help in long run to prevent development of ARMD later in life
Key-words: smoking, ultraviolet radiation, ARMD, luteal pigments
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