MMJ - A Journal by MIMER Medical College, Pune, India

Letters to the editor Wearing a white coat in theory and practical classes during medical school. How to solve the problem?

2023-10-17T07:33:39+00:00

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Case reports NEGATIVE PRESSURE PULMONARY EDEMA: A CASE REPORT

2023-12-28T08:06:26+00:00

Negative-pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is a noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in which a large, negative intrathoracic pressure generated against an obstructed upper airway results in the shift of fluid into the interstitium of the lungs. ⁽³⁾It is the life-threatening complication if remain undiagnosed and untreated promptly. We present a case of NPPE that occurred after general anesthesia for ear surgery. After completion of the surgery and reversal of residual neuromuscular blockade, patient was extubated. Immediately after extubation, the patient stopped breathing and desaturated which was managed with positive pressure ventilation with bag and mask. Soon after this, patient was breathing spontaneously and maintaining saturation. After 45 mins in recovery room, patient developed coarse bilateral crepitations and pink frothy sputum on coughing and tachypnea. A tentative diagnosis of NPPE was made. Continuous positive airway pressure was applied. In addition, furosemide and nebulisation with salbutamol and budesonide were administered. By the night, the symptoms had almost disappeared and next day patient shifted to ward.

Key Words: Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE); Upper airway obstruction (UAO); Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

Original Article Modelling of Normal Human Tympanic Membrane as Damped Harmonic Oscillator

2024-01-02T12:55:32+00:00

Background

This paper proposes modeling the dynamic properties of the TM as a damped harmonic oscillator. A damped harmonic oscillator is a classical physics system that resonates at a natural frequency but loses energy over time due to damping.

Methods

The Python scipy module is utilized to create the mathematical model of the damped harmonic oscillator representing the frequency response of the TM. Matplotlib visualizations demonstrate a strong model fit to the amplitude data across 100 Hz to 10 kHz tones.

Results

The resulting damped harmonic oscillator model accurately reproduced the frequency response of the human tympanic membrane, including the characteristic frequency, peak amplitude, and bandwidth. The model parameters provided new insights into the mass, stiffness, and damping properties of the tympanic membrane.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that the human tympanic membrane exhibits behavior that is more realistically described as a damped harmonic oscillator rather than an undamped simple harmonic oscillator. This model provides an improved theoretical foundation for understanding the vibration patterns of normal tympanic membranes in response to sound.

Original Article Screening anemia in adolescents: a study conducted at a tertiary care rural hospital

2024-01-09T06:25:13+00:00

Background: Anemia is a global public health concern. Adolescence is defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as ages between 10 and 19. In this phase of life, anemia can hamper neurodevelopment, puberty, work capacity, and it can increase the susceptibility to infectious diseases. A complete blood count (CBC) along with red cell indices are helpful, tools for the routine investigation of anemia.

Aims: This study aims to screen for anemia in adolescents at a tertiary care rural hospital.

Settings and Design: This was a retrospective study conducted in the department of pathology.

Methods and Material: CBC reports of the study participants were analysed. Results were tabulated using MS Excel software version 2301.

Statistical analysis used: Frequency analysis was performed to describe descriptive statistics frequency analysis; percentage analysis was used for categorical variables and the mean & standard deviation was derived for continuous variables.

Results: Out of 188 adolescent patients, mean age was 14.9 years; males predominated (n=106; 58%), anemia was most severe in the 11-year-old age group (n=19; hb-11.3 g/dl). Ninety-six patients were anemic; 49 had microcytic anemia (mean MCV-67.3 fl). Four patients had macrocytic anemia (mean MCV-104.6 fl); 43 patients had normocytic anemia (mean MCV-85.4 fl).

Conclusions: This study was an assessment of anemia in adolescents in the Maval region of Maharashtra, India. Nutrition and underlying infection have a role to play in the etiology of anemia. In resource limited conditions, a simple CBC is a powerful tool to identify and classify anemia.